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With the change in environmental conditions and increased hazards to the environment caused by mostly human activities, a new technique of wetland environment is emerging fast keeping in view its significance. It’s one of the best ways for controlling floods and the technique is so effective that it is now popularly known as ‘the world’s natural sponges’.
Some other benefits of wet land environment include easy water purification and help in hydroelectric dams. It also helps in ‘Living Output’. It is called so as it helps in harvesting of many plants and animals, minerals and provides habitats to a lot of wild life. Not only this, it also gives a big helping hand to fisheries and gives home to various endangered species.
The gravest problem of the world that is depletion of the ground water source can also be solved to a large extent by this as it is a wonderful way to recharge ground water.
Some of the most important types of wetlands are marshes, swamps, bogs, rivers and streams and lakes and ponds. Marshes have mainly soft stemmed herbaceous plants which mainly consist of breeds of cattails and pickerelweed. Most marshes develop their form gradually from shallow lakes and depressions. Swamps are mostly covered with woody plants consisting trees and shrubs.
Bogs are mostly found in glaciated areas of the North Central, North East states, and Canada. It mainly consists of peat lands which don’t have the cover of mineral soils as the top layer. It gets its form by the gradual decomposition of plant materials. It helps us in getting records in the forms of fossil pollens.
Rivers and Streams-flowing water and currents are found in Southeast Rivers enriched with energy-rich organic sediments. It provides a lot of support to aquatic organisms.
Lakes and Ponds known as standing water wetlands vary in size prove to be a boon for fish and aquatic plants and also serve as a good habitat for animals.
With the growing problem of lack of drinking water resources and habitat for animals, a wetland environment can be of immense help if utilized properly.
Student: Pheng, Ary
http://www.burnsmcd.com/Resources/Article/Wetland-Banking
The financial support for Malaria sponsored by international and domestic institutions in prevention of malaria will decrease since the economy is experiencing a financial difficulty. This information was reported by the Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Even though the financial support for health development has reached a higher perecentage of 262 over the past decade, the ADB health specialist SaumyaKailasapathysaid that the domestic financial support for malaria has only small contribution from about 436 million dollars in 2005 up to about 530 million dollars in 2012. He also added that the world health financial support has a problem when it comes to economic stability. Thus, there is no assurance to support the public as well as private groups.
She also said that the development in financial health support is very low and may cause slow improvements because of overpopulation widespread of diseases. For this reason, the patient who could have benefited the help will experience an eagerness and determination for competition and there will be a change in donor support.
According to the public health specialist, Susann Roth, the financial support which was very high in the past has already been controlled of donor. This will demand to decrease and countries will have to give financial support for malaria programs from domestic sources. She also added to give extra effort to increase the funds for malaria and to achieve the goal as to where and who to get it.
But this idea needs to be taken seriously with action plan because malaria is widespread in remote areas which affect the flexible population of the country with people who keep on moving from forest, provinces and cities.
It is also not easy to get the attention of policy makers because malaria is invisible as other dieases. As an example, dengue is common to harm anyone especially in urban areas, may it be politicians or children but will not get malaria in the cities.
P. Icamina
Health Care in Vietnam
The health care system of the government of Vietnam today only finances 0.9% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Thirty percent of the country’s population only benefit from it. Therefore, Vietnamese people need to finance themselves for medication in a private health care institution.
The goal is to give every resident a health care system even though some of them still choose to buy additional private health care insurance. The idea is being patterned from their neighboring country, Thailand, and this action plan should decrease the shortage of health care for both rural and urban areas.
The standard and availability of health care assistance differ dramatically in terms of location between rural and urban areas.
Vietnam has a lesser availability in the health care system compare to neighboring countries. Unfortunately, the health care systems in Vietnam are the poorest in quality among the countries in Asia because of the insufficient financial support of the government in the health department.
Most of the hospitals and clinics in Vietnam are found in big cities like Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, and Hai Phong. Health care system in urban and rural areas is very different. It is also difficult to look for medical specialist or medical assistance in rural areas, as public health is not the same in quality compare in urban areas. With some implementation and effective improvements, the country of Vietnam will earn high quality more importantly in rural areas where financial support is very necessary.
V.Trang
New Japanese Surveillance can tell when people are drunk
In Japan, they have a new security camera system and the by the help of Japanese railroad program, it is capable to recognize possible commuter who are in the influence or affected by alcohol just by viewing them.
The installation of the high technology system is in Kyobashi station in Osaka, one of the largest cities in Japan with forty six cameras to spontaneously find the signs of alcohol and warn the citizens of probable problems. Not similar to a device used by police for measuring the amount of alcohol in a driver’s breathe, Japan’s new security camera system uses human action to try to anticipate who may have spoil the period of the day when drinks are sold at reduced prices in a bar or restaurant. Behind finding manifestations like moving unsteadily, the security cameras also search for people who are on the program who drunkenly choose to take a rest on a bench.
In Osaka, drunk people getting hit by trains is a critical problem. According to The Wall Street Journal, there were two hundred twenty one cases of passengers on the declared policy being stuck by trains. Around sixty percent of those accidents had been cause by drinking too much alcohol before the accidents.
The company West Japanese Railway which is behind the security system emphasizes that the cameras are only used to advocate safety and won’t be used to find people or it doesn’t mean to be similar to red light camera. If the new security camera system is proven successful, they plan to develop it to other stations in Japan.
M. Pomranz
CCTV Camera – Wireless Security System Surveillance Philippines
Closed circuit TV camera or CCTV can be installed without difficulties and skillfully assembled connected with a DVR or recorder and it has a component that is able to operate independently of other hardware or software. It means that CCTV can view, track record of the things that happen or occurrences in a particular location and the existing real time preview can also be seen through online if you have internet connection. It can be configured using the support of remote control device.
Many of the new CCTV surveillance cameras go with a recording device with exactly big disc storage of the hard drive so what the eye of the camera can see will able to accumulate on the HD.
Consumer may also search more options on where to buy the CCTV and at the same time well-known types of CCCTVs are rover and Internet Protocol configured ones. Boxes are normally at the minimum of four channel camera while consumer has the option to purchase the double deal. The cost of the CCTV normally ranges from six thousand to twenty thousand pesos in various online stores and in popular marketplace.
K. Medina
Reading Report of Some New World Lessons for the Old World[1]
The paper remarks three areas in which American Constitution is considered to have made distinctive contributions to the world; they are: an extended democratic republic, federalism and civilian supremacy. And the author emphasizes on America’s earlysuccessfulexperience.The aim of this paper is to offerAmerica’s valuable lessons to Easter Europe for their rebirth and constitution-making.
The first part of the paper is about the extended democratic republic of America. There are three main responses to the Anti-Federalists. First, Montesquieu did not support the Anti-Federalists as far as they supposed. For Montesquieu suggested that “confederate republic” could avoid the geographic limitations. Second, Madison pointed that an extended republic could control factionalism. These two reasons described in Federalists 9 and 10 are well-treasured nowadays. However, the most important point—“geostrategic” argument recorded in Federalists 4 through 8 is ignored today.In these passages, the Publius made an analogue between England and America. They pointed that if states united, America would resemble England. Because America has Atlantic as the moat to protect it from being invaded by Europeans, America need not sustain large standing armies which can easily lead tyranny and crush domestic liberty. On the contrary, if the Confederation is divided into thirteen nations, each separation will be free to arm itself and intimidate its neighbors.And given the latent conflict on the control of the West, the option of a system of three or four smaller confederacies will similarly cause chaos.Only the confederation can bring peace and development for America.
The geostrategic vision was well-received by elites such as James Wilson, Benjamin Franklin and George Washington. Moreover, the argument influenced the politic and legislative realities. For example, the Bill of Rights, the Second and Third Amendments all stress on the restrictions of federal government and army but ignore the states. Even President Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana and the Monroe Doctrine all show the influences of geostrategy.
Since twentieth-century, Federalist 10 has been rediscovered while geostrategic vision has fallen. But through the Pearl Harbor incident, the Cuban Missile Crisis and Star Wars technology, we can see that the issues raised by Federalists 4 through 8 have not disappeared.And three reasons may account for the ignorance of geostrategic vision. First, it seems imperialistic; second, it is inconspicuous in the constitution; third, it seems not as important as other principles in constitutional case law.
And what Europeans can learn from the first part are mainly of two aspects: demilitarization and conducive to commerce. Poland’s fears toward Germany shows that military risks are still believed to exist in Europe whose geostrategy is different from America. Thus, a transitional legal structures to demilitarize the continent is in demand. NATO just provides a model of it. Also, economic cooperation and demilitarization have an intimate association with each other according to Federalists 4 and 6.One is that commercial intercourse can strengthen ties between different regions. The other is that it provides a chance for navies and commercial navigation to promote each other. Moreover, confederation need less money to sustain army and thus promote the economy.Given these reasons, Europeans should develop institutions like EEC to promote intracontinental free trade.
The second part of the paper is about federalism. Some platitudes about the values of “federalism” such as it can allow more experiments and keep diversities do not catch the main point.The key value of federalism is the protection against government.And there are three mechanisms to assure this value.
The first mechanism, “legal check” of federalism contains two portions. One is that each branch of government can thwart a national law it deems unconstitutional. The other is that if a citizen’s constitutional rights are violated by the federal or state government, he can invoke remedies furnished by a structurally independent government.
The second mechanism is called “military check.”In America, the military power is shared between center and periphery. And according to Federalists 28 and 46, the army can be used to put down local insurrection or thwart national tyranny.Nonetheless, “military check” can be abused, just as the American Civil War.But despite this, Eastern Europe, especially the Soviet Union should learn something from this mechanism. And the main function of militia is not to really use it, but offer an underlying restraint for the abuse of professional army from the central government.
“Political check” is the last mechanism. It means that state governments can speak out against federal policies and seek the amendment. In 1798-99, state governments played roles like the institutional press or opposite party today. This serves as the midwife of two pioneering works: the First Amendment protection of press and the birth of the party system.This point is especially important for Eastern Europe, for this offers an alternative to check if the leader is capable.
And the major difference between the federalism of America and Eastern Europe is that American states are far more similarthan the ethnic regions of some Eastern European countries.But there is still some problems of this point in American federalism, so the Old World should better turn to Canada on this topic.
The last part of this paper is about civilian supremacy. Because America’s geostrategic position leaded to a small amount of army, civilian supremacy was not a hot issue before. But today, America has a sizable national standing army. Two reasons may account for why military is still subordinate to civilian officials: constitution text and tradition. And the tradition of civilian supremacy was set largely because of the models set by George Washington and Robert E.Lee. Also, American military schools adapt the spirit of civilian supremacy. Eastern Europe needs to use constitution texts and pay serious attentions to the military training institutions to establish civilian supremacy.
Taking the arguments above into consideration, the success experiment of America in self-rule offers lessons for not only Eastern Europe but also the whole mankind.
[1]Akhil Reed Amar, Some New World Lessons for the Old World,Yale Law School Legal Scholarship Repository,1-1-1991
Jingwen Sun
Plastic bags most common trash in Manila Bay – groups
The capital city of the Philippines, Manila, have the most serious problem of ocean trash especially in the area of Manila Bay. This information was based on the report from one of the environmental groups in their trash examination during the International Plastic Bag-Free Day.
The official inspection of EcoWaste Coalition and Mother Earth Foundation had gathered 1,594 liters waste and 23.2% from the waste are plastic bags.
As a whole, plastics are number one on the list. There are 61.9% plastic made wastes and the number two top pollutants were plastic wrappers which have a percentage of 18.8% from the gathered waste.
Different scrap trash such as cigarette butts, clothes, rags and sponges are the third most common ocean trash which has a percentage of 15.7%. Rubber trash like scrap slippers belonged in the fourth place which has a percentage of 11.9% while decomposed trash belonged in fifth ranked at 9.7%.
This year’s study had constant results in past years, presenting the negative effects of plastic waste to improve the solid waste management in Metro Manila.
There is not less than six government organizations have been assigned by the Supreme Court to repair Manila Bay. The government organizations include the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA), and the Department of Health (DOH).
However, Manila Bay is not only one that has an ocean trash problem. Based on the Us-based group Ocean Conservancy, the quantity of ocean trash gathered from the Philippine ocean has been increasing every year since 2010.
Ranada
Malaysia destroying its forests three times faster than all Asia combined
Detailed information ordered by the Wetlands International reports that Malaysia is pulling out of the ground the standard two percent of the rainforest in Sarawak which is the biggest land on the island of Borneo or almost ten percent more than five years ago. They also added that many have been transformed into palm oil plantations.
Five years ago, big unit of land area land of Malaysia consisting largely of peat which is about 872,263 acres were cleared, or one-third of the swamps which have kept carbon from fragment plants for a very long time.
According to scientists, the devastation of the Amazon and the ruining of Central Africa’s and Southeast Asia’s rainforest are responsible for over fifteen percent of carbon emissions that result to global warming.
Keeping the forest alive allows the immersion carbon from the atmosphere while deforestation frees the stored carbon which results to climate change. However, releasing effect is increased when trees are cut down from the peatlands while the swamps are left empty for business plantations.
Asian countries that manufactured almost ninety percent of the global’s palm oil are Malaysia and Indonesia. This palm oil is used in cooking oil, cosmetics, soaps, bread, and chocolate.
Palm oil is also used as a factory oil and believed as a perfect biofuel as a replacement to fossil fuel. However, it was not approved since it was reported to destroy the rainforest because of widening of plantations.
Indonesia committed a solemn promise to give a brake in deforestation in their land. Norway also pledged to Jakarta to contribute one billion dollars every year as their financial support in order to observe and measure the quantity of greenhouse gas production.
Steroid Abuse – Breaking Young Men’s Hearts
A study shows that young abusers of steroids are likely to suffer to substantial heart disease mainly when it comes to other drugs.
Another study found that the misuse of steroid is connected with higher risk of heart disease in otherwise strong young men.
A scientific investigation conducted by National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) at the University of New South Wales and the New South Wales Department of Forensic Medicine tested all twenty four deaths caused by steroid abuse in NSW from 1996 to 2012. Large-scale heart disease which includes left ventricular hypertrophy and thickening of the arteries was part of the exposition.
Even though all the cases revealed proof of the usage of steroid, these were not the firsthand root of deaths. All but one on the test were cause by the use two or more psychoactive drugs in combination to achieve a particular effect and accidental drug toxicity.
Among the psychoactive drugs discovered were psychostimulants, benzodiazapines, opioids and alcohol. Psychostimulant toxicity was the immediate reason of death as well as the dangerous dose of opioid. More than half of the cases revealed proof of current injecting drug use.
N. Chung